A Contract-Based Computing-Charging Protocol for Electric Vehicles with Vehicular Fog Computing

Electric vehicles (EVs) are enjoying growing popularity from governments to customers. However, the development of EVs inevitably poses heavy charging and data processing burden on current smart grid. Considering the mutual demand and supply relationship between EVs and smart grid in both charging and computing tasks, we integrate vehicular fog computing and EV charging for joint optimization and propose an integrated charging-computing (IC2) architecture for EV-included smart grid. In the proposed IC2 architecture, EVs act as both energy consumers and computation providers. We employ contract theory to provide a multi-attribute contract-based charging protocol for EVs and charging stations in an information asymmetry scenario. To obtain the optimal contract, we derive KKT conditions and design a CCP-based contract optimization algorithm. Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme can effectively benefit both the charging stations and EVs meanwhile improving the task computation capability in the smart grid.