The role of mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder. Recent reports suggest that it affects more than 36 million people worldwide and accounts 60-80% of all cases of dementia. It is characterised by aberrations of multiple interactive systems and pathways, which ultimately lead to memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The exact mechanisms and initial triggering factors that underpin the known pathological defects in AD remain to be fully elucidated. In addition, an effective treatment strategy to reduce the progression of AD is yet to be achieved. In the light of above-mentioned facts, our article deals with the exploration of the mitochondrial defect and oxidative stress leading to this devastating disease. In this communication, we have highlighted specific mitochondrial and antioxidant-directed approach to ameliorate and manage AD. Nonetheless, new approaches should also be investigated that could tackle various molecular events involved in AD pathogenicity.