Photosynthetic acclimation and biochemical responses of Gelidium sesquipedale cultured in chemostats under different qualities of light

The red alga Gelidium sesquipedale (Clem.) Born. et Thur. has been cultured in chemostats to assess the effects of light quality and photon-fluence rate (PFR) on growth, photosynthesis and biochemical composition. Plants under blue and red light (BL and RL) showed higher growth rates than under white light (WL) of the same PFR (40 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)). The light-saturated rate of photosynthesis was higher for algae grown under BL and RL than for algae grown under WL. When algae were transferred to WL of moderate PFR (100 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)), the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis decreased, being higher in previously RL-grown algae than in previously BL- and WL-grown algae. The initial slope of photosynthesis-irradiance (PI) curves (a) was affected by PFR but not by light quality. Pigment content was little affected by light quality. Light-quality treatments also affected the biochemical composition of the alga; previous exposure to various light treatments activate or repress several metabolical pathways that are fully expressed in the subsequent phase of WL of moderate PFR. Thus, phycobiliproteins and soluble proteins increased for previously BL- and RL-grown algae, whereas insoluble carbohydrate concentration was reduced, indicating a change of the C-partitioning between carbon compounds and organic nitrogen compounds. Inorganic nitrogen metabolism was also affected by light: under WL of moderate PFR, NO3- was totally depleted from sea water, and maximal values of NO; uptake were recorded. In addition, neither NO2- nor NH4+ was released. However, when algae were transferred to a low PFR, there was a drastic reduction of NO3- uptake under WL, which only partially recovered over time. It was accompanied by the release of NO2-, but not NH4+, to the culture medium. Under BL and RL, however, there was a transient enhancement of NO3- uptake that was followed by a net release of NO2- and NH4+. Growth rates were not correlated with PFR. This could be due to the the dynamics of internal carbon mobilization and accumulation in the algae. When algae were exposed to a moderate PFR of WL, carbon requirements for growth were satisfied by photosynthesis. Thus, there was a net accumulation of carbon in the tissue. In contrast, when algae were exposed to low PFRs of either WL, BL or RL, observed growth rates could not be maintained by photosynthesis and carbon was mobilized.