A case-control study of risk factors for surgical site infection after cesarean delivery in eastern Burkina Faso

Objective: To identify the risk factors for surgical site infection after cesarean delivery in a rural area in eastern Burkina Faso. Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted in Fada N ' Gourma Regional Hospital Center and the Diapaga Medical Centerwith Surgical Antenna using data from 2011-2014. A total of 99 cases of surgical site infection after cesarean delivery were included in the study. Each case was matched with a control patient similar for age, admission date, and facility where the cesarean took place. Risk factors were identified using conditional logistic regression. Results: Multivariate analysis identified hyperthermia at admission (OR 2.37; P= 0.035), the presence of caput succedaneum in newborns (OR 7.07; P= 0.001), and difficult delivery (OR 3.69; P= 0. 019) as risk factors for surgical site infection. Conclusion: Provision of quality prenatal care, use of the partograph during labor, and the responsiveness of health workers during labor can reduce surgical site infection after cesarean delivery. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.