Pareto Based Optimal Sizing and Energy Storage Mix in Ship Power Systems

The weight of on board equipment represents a major concern in transportation systems. In ship power systems, in addition to weigh concerns, some loads are frequently demanding high power for short time durations. Thus, adding energy storage is mandatory to smooth the effect of these loads. This paper introduces a methodology based on Pareto concept to optimally size and select the mix of different energy storage technologies. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective Optimization (MOO), where two objectives are considered. The first is to minimize the voltage fluctuations on the buses and the second is to minimize the total weight of the Energy Storage System (ESS). Three candidate energy storage technologies were considered; lead acid, lithium ion batteries and Super-capacitors. The Pareto Front (PF) was obtained using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms II (NSGA-II). The results show the feasibility and computational efficiency of the proposed methodology.