According to the data from a power plant and finite element calculation program (ANSYS), the paper calculated the temperature and stress fields of 1000MW steam turbine rotors which start in cold condition. By the analysis and comparison, the general laws of variation of stresses and the factors affecting the thermal stress in the entire startup process are obtained. The experimental results will provide bases and references for the estimation of residual life and realization of online monitoring for the turbine rotors.