Organohalogen Compounds in Pet Dog and Cat: Do Pets Biotransform Natural Brominated Products in Food to Harmful Hydroxlated Substances?

被引：45

作者：

Mizukawa, Hazuki ^{[1
]}

Nomiyama, Kei ^{[1
]}

Nakatsu, Susumu ^{[2
]}

Iwata, Hisato ^{[1
]}

Yoo, Jean ^{[1
]}

Kubota, Akira ^{[3
]}

Yamamoto, Miyuki ^{[1
]}

Ishizuka, Mayumi ^{[4
]}

Ikenaka, Yoshinori ^{[4
]}

Nakayama, Shouta M. M. ^{[4
]}

Kunisue, Tatsuya ^{[1
]}

Tanabe, Shinsuke ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Ehime Univ, Ctr Marine Environm Studies, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan

[2] Nakatsu Vet Surg, Sakai, Osaka 5900960, Japan

[3] Obihiro Univ Agr & Vet Med, Diagnost Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, Obihiro, Hokkaido 0808555, Japan

[4] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Vet Med, Lab Toxicol, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600818, Japan

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | 2016年 / 50卷 / 01期

基金：

日本学术振兴会;

关键词：

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; JAPANESE COASTAL WATERS; HYDROXYLATED POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FLAME RETARDANTS; HOUSE-DUST; FELINE HYPERTHYROIDISM; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; BALTIC SEA; IN-VITRO; CONTAMINANTS;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.est.5b04216

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

There are growing concerns about the increase in hyperthyroidism in pet cats due to exposure to organo-halogen contaminants and their hydroxylated metabolites. This study investigated the blood contaminants polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their hydroxylated and methoxylated derivatives (OH-PCBs, OH-PBDEs, and MeO-PBDEs), in pet dogs and cats. We also measured the residue levels of these compounds in commercially available pet foods. Chemical analyses of PCBs and OH-PCBs showed that the OH-PCB levels were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower in cat and dog food products than in their blood, suggesting that the origin of OH-PCBs in pet dogs and cats is PCBs ingested with their food. The major congeners of OH-/MeO-PBDEs identified in both pet food products and blood were natural products (60H-/MeO-BDE47 and 2'OH-/MeO-BDE68) from marine organisms. In particular, higher concentrations of 60H-BDE47 than 2'OH-BDE68 and two MeO-PBDE congeners were observed in the cat blood, although MeO-BDEs were dominant in cat foods, suggesting the efficient biotransformation of 60H-BDE47 from 6MeO-BDE47 in cats. We performed in vitro demethylation experiments to confirm the biotransformation of MeO-PBDEs to OH-PBDEs using liver microsomes. The results showed that 6MeO-BDE47 and 2'MeO-BDE68 were demethylated to 60H-BDE47 and 2'OH-BDE68 in both animals, whereas no hydroxylated metabolite from BDE47 was detected. The present study suggests that pet cats are exposed to MeO-PBDEs through cat food products containing fish flavors and that the OH-PBDEs in cat blood are derived from the CYP-dependent demethylation of naturally occurring MeO-PBDE congeners, not from the hydroxylation of PBDEs.

引用

页码：444 / 452

页数：9