Movement and behavior of scarlet macaws (Ara macao) during the post-fledging dependence period:: implications for in situ versus ex situ management

Knowledge of scarlet macaw (Ara macao) biology during the post-fledging period is limited, yet information about this important life stage is critical to developing effective conservation strategies. We used radiotelemetry to study the post-fledging movements and behavior of scarlet macaws from an isolated and threatened population in Costa Rica. Our results indicate that monitoring and protection of young macaws during the initial 14 days post-fledging is a critical conservation measure. We identify coastal mangrove as an important habitat for the species during the post-fledging period. Young scarlet macaws gradually developed flight and feeding skills, learned behaviors and movement patterns from their parents, and were integrated into social groups during the post-fledging period. Our results underscore the challenges facing management programs based on captive rearing and stress the importance of in situ conservation focusing on nest cavity management and protection in cooperation with local communities. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.