Lead, Zinc and Cadmium Accumulation, and Associated Health Risks, in Maize Grown near the Kabwe Mine in Zambia in Response to Organic and Inorganic Soil Amendments

被引:15
|
作者
Mwilola, Patricia N. [1 ]
Mukumbuta, Ikabongo [1 ,2 ]
Shitumbanuma, Victor [1 ]
Chishala, Benson H. [1 ]
Uchida, Yoshitaka [3 ]
Nakata, Hokuto [2 ]
Nakayama, Shouta [2 ]
Ishizuka, Mayumi [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Zambia, Sch Agr Sci, Dept Soil Sci, POB 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
[2] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Vet Med, Kita Ku, Kita 18,Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan
[3] Hokkaido Univ, Res Fac Agr, Kita Ku, Kita 9,Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan
基金
日本科学技术振兴机构;
关键词
legacy mining; heavy metals; soil amendments; maize; health risks; CONTAMINATED SOILS; HEAVY-METALS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; PHYTOREMEDIATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; IMMOBILIZATION; FRACTIONATION; REMEDIATION; CONSUMPTION;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph17239038
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Health risks due to heavy metal (HM) contamination is of global concern. Despite concerns of high levels of HMs in soils near Kabwe mine in Zambia, edible crop production is common, posing potential health risks. This study assessed the potential of chicken manure (CM), triple superphosphate (TSP) and a blended fertilizer (BF; consisting of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium (NPK) fertilizer and composted chicken manure) to reduce lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) in soils and their accumulation in maize grown near the Kabwe mine. Maize was grown to maturity and its HM concentrations and associated health risk indices were calculated. All soil amendments decreased bioavailable soil Pb concentrations by 29-36%, but only CM decreased Zn, while the amendments increased or had no effect on Cd concentrations compared to the control. The amendments reduced Pb (>25%) and Zn concentrations (>18%) in the maize stover and grain. However, Cd concentrations in maize grain increased in the BF and TSP treatments. Bioaccumulation factors showed that Cd had the highest mobility from the soil into maize stover and grain, indicating the need for greater attention on Cd in Kabwe despite its apparently lower soil concentration compared to Pb and Zn. The hazard quotients for Pb and Cd were much greater than one, indicating a high risk of possible exposure to toxic levels by people consuming maize grain grown in this area. This study demonstrated the significant potential of manure and phosphate-based amendments to reduce Pb and Zn, and to some extent Cd, uptake in maize grain and consequently reduce associated health risks.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 15
页数:15
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