Unrecognized abrasions and occupational exposures to blood-borne pathogens among health care workers in Turkey

Aims To evaluate the prevalence of exposures to potentially infective biological material, the use of gloves and the presence and awareness of skin abrasions amongst health care workers (HCWs). Methods Analysis of reported exposures during a 12 month period, questionnaire and skin examination by a dermatologist on HCWs at the University Hospital in Duzce, Turkey. Results Out of 415 HCWs, 278 responded to the questionnaire giving a response rate of 67%. There were 152 potentially infectious exposures reported on the questionnaire. Only 14% (21) of exposures were recorded between October 2001 and October 2002 at the time of the incident. Sharps injuries (57%) were reported most frequently in nurses, while splashes to mucous membranes occurred most frequently in physicians (36%). The operating theatre was the major location of incidents (56%). The frequency of abrasions on the hands was higher in female HCWs (60%) (P < 0.05). Wearing gloves for all procedures was most common in laboratory workers (60%). Abrasions were found on the hands of 142 (51%) of 278 HCWs. Sixteen per cent of the HCWs were unaware of abrasions on their hands. Conclusion There appears to be under-reporting of potentially infectious exposures by HCWs. HCWs are not always aware of abrasions on their hands. This study reinforces the need to report exposures and to use personal protective equipment.