Odontogenic Cysts Expanding to the Maxillary Sinus: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Odontogenic cysts develop during or after the formation of teeth. When they originate from maxillary teeth, most of them remain periapical in position and are confined to the maxillary alveolus. A small but significant percentage of odontogenic cysts enlarge substantially and produce bone erosion with extension into the maxillary sinus. The aim of this retrospective investigation was to present data on a series of odontogenic cysts of the maxillary sinus in 31 patients and to briefly review the relevant literature. Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with odontogenic cyst in the maxillary sinus treated in our clinic were included the study. All clinical information with respect to age, sex, symptoms, and the type of cyst was recorded. Radiological evaluation was made using computed tomography and plain sinus X-rays. All cysts were treated surgically. Results: The study group consisted of 14 males and 17 females with a mean age of 35 years. Of the 31 cases, 11 had radicular cyst, 17 dentigerous cyst, 2 calcifying odontogenic cyst and I odontogenic keratocyst. All of the presenting cases were large enough to involve the maxillary sinus. Swelling and facial asymmetry were the most common symptoms. There were also uncommon symptoms such as epiphora and nasal obstruction. The cysts were surgically removed by enucleation. Conclusion: The value of early diagnosis and removal of odontogenic cysts should be emphasized in order to prevent serious complications.