A Genetic Algorithm for Energy-Efficient Based Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Higher energy relay nodes can be used as multipath in wireless sensor networks (WSN) to achieve improved network lifetime. The multipath nodes may form a network among themselves to route data towards the multipath. In this model, the lifetime of a network is determined mainly by the lifetimes of these relay nodes. An energy-efficient based multipath routing strategy can greatly extend the lifetime of WSNs. In this paper, we have proposed a genetic algorithm (GA) for energy-efficient based multipath routing in WSNs, for scheduling the data gathering of multipath nodes, which can significantly extend the lifetime of a relay node network. For WSN, where the global optimum can be determined, our GA based approach is always able to find the optimal solution. The performance evaluation of our proposed technique is carried out with respect to the heuristic search technique in WSN, called A-Star algorithm. Finally, the simulation clarifies the effectiveness of our proposed work over its comparatives in terms of networks lifetime, energy variance, average energy consumption, and packet delivery ratio. Experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient, and have promising performance advantage for multipath traffic engineering and evaluating the route stability in WSNs.