Apixaban and Rosuvastatin Pharmacokinetics in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

There is little known about the impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on drug metabolism and transport. We examined the pharmacokinetics of oral apixaban (2.5 mg) and rosuvastatin (5 mg) when administered simultaneously in subjects with magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed NAFLD (N = 22) and healthy control subjects (N = 12). The area under the concentration-time curve to the last sampling time (AUC(0-12)) values for apixaban were not different between control and NAFLD subjects (671 and 545 ng/ml x hour, respectively; P = 0.15). Similarly, the AUC(0-12) values for rosuvastatin did not differ between the control and NAFLD groups (25.4 and 20.1 ng/ml x hour, respectively; P = 0.28). Furthermore, hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD subjects was not associated with differences in apixaban or rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. Decreased systemic exposures for both apixaban and rosuvastatin were associated with increased body weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). In multivariable linear regression analyses, only participant weight but not NAFLD, age, or SLCO1B1/ABCG2/CYP3A5 genotypes, was associated with apixaban and rosuvastatin AUC(0-12) (P < 0.001 and P = 0.06, respectively). NAFLD does not appear to affect the pharmacokinetics of apixaban or rosuvastatin.