Seed Characteristics and Storage Behavior of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.)

The storage behavior of Jatropha curcas seeds is one of the focus of current researches because of the potential of this crop as a source of biodiesel. The study aimed to characterize the morphological, physical and chemical properties of J. curcas seeds and to determine the effects of moisture content and temperature on the longevity of seeds. J. curcas seeds harvested from yellow fruits were characterized, dried to 9.5, 6.5, 5.0 and 4.0% MC and sealed in aluminum foil packs. These were stored at 18-20 degrees C and 0 degrees C for 1 year. Another set of seeds were stored unsealed under ambient conditions. J. curcas seedcoat and hilum color are good indicators of seed quality. High quality seeds germinate within 3 days after sowing, therefore, pre-germination treatment is not necessary. Percentage germination was not significantly affected by storage temperature but was significantly affected by MC, storage time and their interaction. Seeds with 4-5% MC, sealed in moisture-proof containers, can be stored for 1 year with little reduction in percent germination. Under ambient and unsealed storage conditions however, MC must be lowered to 6-8% and seeds stored immediately after they are harvested to maintain high percent germination. A delay in storing seeds would mean a 20% reduction in germination at the time seeds are ready for storage and further reduction by 25% after 6 months of storage.