Upper bounds on lifetime of three-dimensional UWB sensor networks of multi-source, multi-destination

Three dimensional wireless sensor networks could enable a broad range of applications. We study the asymptotic upper bounds on the lifetime of three dimensional time-hopping impulse radio ultra-wideband (TH-IR UWB) sensor networks of multi-source, multi-destination, and assuming that each source node transmits own packets to its n(d) destination nodes along the respective minimum energy dissipation route. In this paper, we consider the random network of a general node density lambda is an element of [1, n], rather than only study either random dense network (lambda = n) or random extended network (lambda = 1). The results indicate that the general upper bounds on the network lifetime of multi-source, multi-destination increase with the node density lambda. The results also reveal that reducing the product of n(s) and n(d) can improve lifetime of network. Furthermore, as n(s) = n and n(d) = 1, the upper bounds on lifetime of TH-IR UWB sensor network with multi-source, multi-destination become that of multi-source, single-destination network.