Multiscale modelling of train-track interaction phenomena with focus on contact mechanics

The paper examines possibilities for holistic modelling of the running gear/track interaction and related phenomena - in particular such that cause material deterioration in the form of wear and rolling contact fatigue. The required resolution, accuracy and challenges in understanding, describing and (in particular) modelling these phenomena are addressed. Particular focus is put on contact modelling, which commonly sets the limit for the level of accuracy that can be achieved in subsequent analyses. For all areas, simulation approaches that span from overview to very detailed are discussed. It is concluded that a simulation framework for the whole vehicle-track system needs to be based on modules of different levels of complexity and targeted towards different (aspects of) phenomena. Selecting a suitable level of detail for the task at hand, and to ensure that the employed simulations modules are able to interact are key challenges in this context.