Endometrial Cancer in Pre-menopausal Women and Younger: Risk factors and Outcome

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in women and it is known to be a disease among postmenopausal women, but there is rising in the number of endometrial cancers among premenopausal women. Objective: This study aims to determine the clinical characteristic, risk factors, outcomes and survival in pre and postmenopausal women with Endometrial cancer. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in Hospital Melaka that involve all women who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer in Hospital Melaka from January 2002 until July 2020. All subjects' histopathological examination result was confirmed and their clinical data were extracted and transferred into a standardized data checklist and analysed. Result: Total number of 392 cases was obtained from the Annual Cancer Registry Hospital Melaka. However, only 281 cases were studied, including 44.8% premenopausal and 55.2% postmenopausal. In the premenopausal group, there were higher incidence of obesity (30.8 + 8.6 vs 28.9 + 7.1), younger age at menarche (12.7 + 1.5 vs 13.3 + 1.6), lesser parity (1.47 vs 3.26), higher nulliparous women (46.8% vs 19.4%) as compared to postmenopausal group. The premenopausal group tends to be presented with a well-differentiated grading of tumour (52.4%) and a higher incidence of having concomitant endometrial hyperplasia (41.3%). The mean survival month among the premenopausal group is higher (200.3 + 7.9) months compared to postmenopausal group (153.9 + 6.5) months. Conclusion: These findings correlate with good survival and prognosis among the premenopausal group compared to the postmenopausal group.