Three-dimensional conductive polycaprolactone/carbon nanotubes scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration

Development of tissue-engineered alternatives to nerve autografts remains a serious challenge particularly considering the electroactive properties of native peripheral nerves. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) conductive nerve scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated using an integration molding method. In vitro, the combination of PCL/CNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation that mimic the endogenous electric fields could significantly promote Schwann cell proliferation and neurotrophic factor genes expression. In vivo, the effects of PCL/CNTs scaffolds on peripheral nerve regeneration were investigated using a 15-mm rat sciatic nerve defect model. Functional and histological tests indicated that PCL/CNTs scaffolds could effectively promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Therefore, PCL/CNTs scaffolds are promising candidates for peripheral nerve restoration. [GRAPHICS] .