Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation

Objectives. - To perform a State of The Art about the different aspects of pancreas transplantation such as indications, technical features, immunosuppressive strategies and outcomes of simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation. Material and methods. - An exhaustive systematic review of the scientific literature was performed in the Medline database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Embase (http://www.embase.com) using different associations of the following keywords (MESH) : pancreas transplantation; kidney transplantation; simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation; immunosuppression. Publications obtained were selected based on methodology, language, date of publication (last 20 years) and relevance. Prospective and retrospective studies, in English or French, review articles; meta-analysis and guidelines were selected and analyzed. This search found 2736 articles. After reading titles and abstracts, 23 were included in the text, based on their relevance. Results. - These last few years, considerable progresses were done in optimizing indication for pancreas transplantation, as well as surgical improvement and a better used of immunosuppression. In the first part of this article, demographics, indication and pre-transplant evaluation will be described. The different techniques of procurement, preparation and transplantation will then be discussed. Finally, the results and outcomes of pancreas transplantation will be reported. Conclusions. - Despite its morbidity, pancreas transplantation is the optimal treatment of end stage renal disease in diabetic patients under 55. Long-term results and quality of life improvement after pancreas transplantation are excellent. Level of evidence. NA. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.