A reliable and interference-aware routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a reliable and interference-aware routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). Proposed protocol follows end-to-end path from source node to sink and selects next forwarder node of a data packet on the basis, having already established a path to sink. In this way, the problem of encounters void hole in depth based routing protocol is eliminated. Furthermore, during the selection of forwarding node, channel interference is also considered as routing metric to provide reliable communication. Therefore, proposed scheme reduces the probability of collision at the network layer, by selecting a neighbor node as the next forwarder of the data packet from the source node to the destination where the chance of channel interference is minimum. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in term of energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio especially in a sparse network.