Modifying perovskite-type oxide catalyst LaNiO3 with Ce for carbon dioxide reforming of methane

Perovskite-type oxide catalysts LaNiO3 and La1-xCexNiO3 (x <= 0.5) were prepared by the Pechini method and used as catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane to form synthesis gas (H-2 + CO). The gaseous reactants consisted of CO2 and CH4 in a molar ratio of 1:1. At a GHSV of 10,000 hr(-1), CH4 conversion over LaNiO3 catalyst increased from 66% at 600 degrees C to 94% at 800 degrees C, while CO2 conversion increased from 51% to 92%. The achieved selectivities of CO and H-2 were 33% and 57%, respectively, at 600 degrees C. To prevent the deposition of carbon and the sintering nickel species, some of the Ni in perovskite-type oxide catalyst was substituted by Ce. Ce provided lattice oxygen vacancies, which activated C H bonds, and increased the selectivity of H-2 to 61% at 600 degrees C. XRD analysis indicates that the catalyst exhibited a typical perovskite spinel structure and formed La2O2CO3 phases after CO2 reforming. The FE-SEM results reveal carbon whisker of the LaNiO3 catalyst and the BET analysis indicates that the specific surface area increases after the reforming reaction. The H-2-TPR results confirm that Ce metals can store and provide oxygen. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.