[1] Univ Suwon, Coll Econ & Business Adm, Div Hotel & Tourism, Hwaseong, South Korea
[2] Kyonggi Univ, Tourism Res Inst, Seoul, South Korea
[3] Univ Suwon, Coll Econ & Business Adm, Dept Econ, Hwaseong 18323, South Korea
[4] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Hospitality & Tourism Management, Macau, Peoples R China
[5] Griffith Univ, Griffith Inst Tourism, Nathan, Qld, Australia