Chemical modeling of groundwater in the Banat Plain, southwestern Romania, with elevated As content and co-occurring species by combining diagrams and unsupervised multivariate statistical approaches

被引：21

作者：

Butaciu, Sinziana ^{[1
]}

Senila, Marin ^{[2
]}

Sarbu, Costel ^{[1
]}

Ponta, Michaela ^{[1
]}

Tanaselia, Claudiu ^{[2
]}

Cadar, Oana ^{[2
]}

Roman, Marius ^{[2
]}

Radu, Emil ^{[3
]}

Sima, Mihaela ^{[4
]}

Frentiu, Tiberiu ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Chem & Chem Engn, Arany Janos 11, Cluj Napoca 400028, Romania

[2] Natl Inst Res & Dev Optoelect Bucharest, Res Inst Analyt Instrumentat, Donath 67, Cluj Napoca, Romania

[3] Natl Inst Hydrol & Water Management, Bucuresti Ploiesti 97, Bucharest 013686, Romania

[4] Romanian Acad, Inst Geog, Dimitrie Racovita 12, Bucharest 023993, Romania

来源：

CHEMOSPHERE | 2017年 / 172卷

关键词：

Groundwater; Arsenic speciation; Cluster analysis; Principal component analysis; Fuzzy hierarchical cross-clustering; COUPLED PLASMA MICROTORCH; DRINKING-WATER; QUALITY STANDARDS; BASIN; CONTAMINATION; MOBILIZATION; BENGAL; MECHANISMS; SPECIATION; BANGLADESH;

D O I：

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.130

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The study proposes a combined model based on diagrams (Gibbs, Piper, Stuyfzand Hydrogeochemical Classification System) and unsupervised statistical approaches (Cluster Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis, Fuzzy Hierarchical Cross-Clustering) to describe natural enrichment of inorganic arsenic and co-occurring species in groundwater in the Banat Plain, southwestern Romania. Speciation of inorganic As (arsenite, arsenate), ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, Cl-, F-, SO42-, PO43-, NOT), pH, redox potential, conductivity and total dissolved substances were performed. Classical diagrams provided the hydrochemical characterization, while statistical approaches were helpful to establish (i) the mechanism of naturally occurring of As and F- species and the anthropogenic one for NOT, SO, PO43- and K+ and (ii) classification of groundwater based on content of arsenic species. The HCOT type of local groundwater and alkaline pH (8.31-8.49) were found to be responsible for the enrichment of arsenic species and occurrence of F- but by different paths. The PO43--AsO43- ion exchange, water-rock interaction (silicates hydrolysis and desorption from clay) were associated to arsenate enrichment in the oxidizing aquifer. Fuzzy Hierarchical Cross-Clustering was the strongest tool for the rapid simultaneous classification of groundwaters as a function of arsenic content and hydrogeochemical characteristics. The approach indicated the Na+-F--pH cluster as marker for groundwater with naturally elevated As and highlighted which parameters need to be monitored. A chemical conceptual model illustrating the natural and anthropogenic paths and enrichment of As and co-occurring species in the local groundwater supported by mineralogical analysis of rocks was established. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：127 / 137

页数：11