THE PROPERTIES OF BASALT ROCKS OF GEORGIAN DEPOSITS AND THE FIBERS OBTAINED FROM THEM

With the advent of 21-st century the intensive investigations carried out all over the world for preparation of technical purpose fibers of new type. Among them is basalt fiber which may be considered as an alternative of glass fiber. Basalt fiber is distinguished from glass one by improved physical-mechanical characteristics, especially by elasticity module, enhanced heat resistance and stability against various aggressive media. Taking into consideration the fact that the technology of preparation of basalt fiber is not much different from the technology of preparation of glass fiber and their cost is the same order, the technologies of preparation of the products from basalt fiber occupy a highly important place in advanced industrially developed countries. There are large resources of basalt raw material in Georgia. In presented work the characteristics of basalt rocks of three deposits (Marneuli, Tetritskaro, Bolnisi) are given as well as such properties of obtained melt as viscosity and crystallization ability, the conditions of fiber formation, fiber physical-chemical and mechanical characteristics, including short-term resistance and long-term strength at tension.