Intellectual capital and financial performance of state-owned banking: evidence from Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the efficiency of intellectual capital (IC) and the financial performance of state-owned banking companies in Indonesia. IC Efficiency in state banks uses VAIC (TM) with measures of human capital efficiency (HCE), structural capital efficiency (SCE) and capital employed efficiency (CEE). Financial performance using company return is profitability measured by return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The samples of the study were state-owned banks in the period of 2012-2016. This study uses panel data from the financial statements of state-owned banking companies. The results of this study show that VAIC (TM) has relationship with ROA, except CEE. However, ROE has no relationship with IC efficiency of all efficiency measures. Therefore, the efficiency of IC in state-owned banking companies is considered as part of the reason for the improvement of its performance in terms of ROA although not all efficiencies of IC must be done by banking companies, especially from CEE. It should be supported by financial and physical capital.