Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals: An Indispensable Contrivance in Green Remediation Technology

被引:50
|
作者
Sabreena [1 ]
Hassan, Shahnawaz [1 ]
Bhat, Sartaj Ahmad [2 ]
Kumar, Vineet [3 ]
Ganai, Bashir Ahmad [1 ,4 ]
Ameen, Fuad [5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Kashmir, Dept Environm Sci, Srinagar 190006, India
[2] Gifu Univ, River Basin Res Ctr, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 5011193, Japan
[3] Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Cent Univ, Dept Bot, Chhattisgarh 495009, Bilaspur, India
[4] Univ Kashmir, Res Dev Ctr, Srinagar 190006, India
[5] King Saud Univ, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
来源
PLANTS-BASEL | 2022年 / 11卷 / 09期
关键词
phytoremediation; heavy metals; phytochelatins; pollution; macrophytes; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM L; RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; CONTAMINATED SOILS; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; PISTIA-STRATIOTES; POLLUTED SOILS; MINING SITES; SCHOENOPLECTUS-CALIFORNICUS;
D O I
10.3390/plants11091255
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Environmental contamination is triggered by various anthropogenic activities, such as using pesticides, toxic chemicals, industrial effluents, and metals. Pollution not only affects both lotic and lentic environments but also terrestrial habitats, substantially endangering plants, animals, and human wellbeing. The traditional techniques used to eradicate the pollutants from soil and water are considered expensive, environmentally harmful and, typically, inefficacious. Thus, to abate the detrimental consequences of heavy metals, phytoremediation is one of the sustainable options for pollution remediation. The process involved is simple, effective, and economically efficient with large-scale extensive applicability. This green technology and its byproducts have several other essential utilities. Phytoremediation, in principle, utilizes solar energy and has an extraordinary perspective for abating and assembling heavy metals. The technique of phytoremediation has developed in contemporary times as an efficient method and its success depends on plant species selection. Here in this synthesis, we are presenting a scoping review of phytoremediation, its basic principles, techniques, and potential anticipated prospects. Furthermore, a detailed overview pertaining to biochemical aspects, progression of genetic engineering, and the exertion of macrophytes in phytoremediation has been provided. Such a promising technique is economically effective as well as eco-friendly, decontaminating and remediating the pollutants from the biosphere.
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页数:28
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