Mercury Plumes in the Global Upper Troposphere Observed during Flights with the CARIBIC Observatory from May 2005 until June 2013

被引：21

作者：

Slemr, Franz ^{[1
]}

Weigelt, Andreas ^{[2
]}

Ebinghaus, Ralf ^{[2
]}

Brenninkmeijer, Carl ^{[1
]}

Baker, Angela ^{[1
]}

Schuck, Tanja ^{[1
]}

Rauthe-Schoech, Armin ^{[1
]}

Riede, Hella ^{[1
]}

Leedham, Emma ^{[1
]}

Hermann, Markus ^{[3
]}

van Velthoven, Peter ^{[4
]}

Oram, David ^{[5
]}

O'Sullivan, Debbie ^{[5
]}

Dyroff, Christoph ^{[6
]}

Zahn, Andreas ^{[6
]}

Ziereis, Helmut ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Chem MPI, Div Atmospher Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany

[2] HZG, Inst Coastal Res, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany

[3] Leibniz Inst Tropospharenforsch TROPOS, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany

[4] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands

[5] UEA, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England

[6] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany

[7] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, D-82230 Wessling, Germany

来源：

ATMOSPHERE | 2014年 / 5卷 / 02期

关键词：

mercury; emission; air; pollution; TRACE GAS-COMPOSITION; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; MIDLATITUDE CYCLONES; EMISSIONS; AIR; UNCERTAINTIES; METHYLMERCURY; AUGSBURG; ONBOARD;

D O I：

10.3390/atmos5020342

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Tropospheric sections of flights with the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrumented Container) observatory from May 2005 until June 2013, are investigated for the occurrence of plumes with elevated Hg concentrations. Additional information on CO, CO2, CH4, NOy, O-3, hydrocarbons, halocarbons, acetone and acetonitrile enable us to attribute the plumes to biomass burning, urban/industrial sources or a mixture of both. Altogether, 98 pollution plumes with elevated Hg concentrations and CO mixing ratios were encountered, and the Hg/CO emission ratios for 49 of them could be calculated. Most of the plumes were found over East Asia, in the African equatorial region, over South America and over Pakistan and India. The plumes encountered over equatorial Africa and over South America originate predominantly from biomass burning, as evidenced by the low Hg/CO emission ratios and elevated mixing ratios of acetonitrile, CH3Cl and particle concentrations. The backward trajectories point to the regions around the Rift Valley and the Amazon Basin, with its outskirts, as the source areas. The plumes encountered over East Asia and over Pakistan and India are predominantly of urban/industrial origin, sometimes mixed with products of biomass/biofuel burning. Backward trajectories point mostly to source areas in China and northern India. The Hg/CO2 and Hg/CH4 emission ratios for several plumes are also presented and discussed.

引用

页码：342 / 369

页数：28

共 3 条

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Ebinghaus, R.
Slemr, F.
Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M.
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Hermann, M.
O'Sullivan, D. A.
Oram, D. E.
[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2007, 34 (08)
[3] Biomass burning and fossil fuel signatures in the upper troposphere observed during a CARIBIC flight from Namibia to Germany -: art. no. 1910
Mühle, J
Brenninkmeijer, CAM
Rhee, TS
Slemr, F
Oram, DE
Penkett, SA
Zahn, A
[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2002, 29 (19)

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