Range of motion, neuromechanical, and architectural adaptations to plantar flexor stretch training in humans

被引:85
|
作者
Blazevich, A. J. [1 ,3 ]
Cannavan, D. [2 ]
Waugh, C. M. [3 ]
Miller, S. C. [3 ,4 ]
Thorlund, J. B. [5 ]
Aagaard, P. [5 ]
Kay, A. D. [6 ]
机构
[1] Edith Cowan Univ, Ctr Exercise & Sports Sci Res, Sch Exercise & Hlth Sci, Joondalup 6027, Australia
[2] Seattle Pacific Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Seattle, WA 98119 USA
[3] Brunel Univ, Ctr Sports Med & Human Performance, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England
[4] Middlesex Univ, London Sport Inst, London N17 8HR, England
[5] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Sports Sci & Clin Biomech, Odense, Denmark
[6] Univ Northampton, Northampton, England
关键词
muscle stiffness; tendon stiffness; stretch tolerance; flexibility; elasticity; ACHILLES-TENDON STIFFNESS; STATIC STRETCH; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; RECIPROCAL INHIBITION; PASSIVE EXTENSIBILITY; MUSCLE EXTENSIBILITY; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; REGULAR STRETCH; FLEXIBILITY;
D O I
10.1152/japplphysiol.00204.2014
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
The neuromuscular adaptations in response to muscle stretch training have not been clearly described. In the present study, changes in muscle (at fascicular and whole muscle levels) and tendon mechanics, muscle activity, and spinal motoneuron excitability were examined during standardized plantar flexor stretches after 3 wk of twice daily stretch training (4 x 30 s). No changes were observed in a nonexercising control group (n = 9), however stretch training elicited a 19.9% increase in dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and a 28% increase in passive joint moment at end ROM (n = 12). Only a trend toward a decrease in passive plantar flexor moment during stretch (-9.9%; P = 0.15) was observed, and no changes in electromyographic amplitudes during ROM or at end ROM were detected. Decreases in H-max:M-max (tibial nerve stimulation) were observed at plantar flexed (gastrocnemius medialis and soleus) and neutral (soleus only) joint angles, but not with the ankle dorsiflexed. Muscle and fascicle strain increased (12 vs. 23%) along with a decrease in muscle stiffness (-18%) during stretch to a constant target joint angle. Muscle length at end ROM increased (13%) without a change in fascicle length, fascicle rotation, tendon elongation, or tendon stiffness following training. A lack of change in maximum voluntary contraction moment and rate of force development at any joint angle was taken to indicate a lack of change in series compliance of the muscle-tendon unit. Thus, increases in end ROM were underpinned by increases in maximum tolerable passive joint moment (stretch tolerance) and both muscle and fascicle elongation rather than changes in volitional muscle activation or motoneuron pool excitability.
引用
收藏
页码:452 / 462
页数:11
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