Application of continuum breakage mechanics to ice rubble modelling

The need exists for more accurate models to predict various ice loads including the load from ice rubble. When ice rubble is modelled as continuum, the derivation of a constitutive relationship requires tests with uniform strain fields. Here, the model is based on biaxial compression and oedometer (one-dimensional compression) tests available in the literature. Moreover, continuum breakage mechanics is used to introduce the ice-rubble parameters that are connected to the properties of constituting ice fragments. The developed model agrees with the ice-rubble load measured on a structure tested in an ice basin. For floating unconsolidated ice rubble, the model suggests that the load on the structure is governed by the ice-rubble accumulation rather that the breakage of ice fragments in it.