In-Line and Off-Line Monitoring of Skin Penetration Profiles Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy

被引:21
|
作者
Krombholz, Richard [1 ]
Liu, Yali [1 ]
Lunter, Dominique Jasmin [1 ]
机构
[1] Eberhard Karls Univ Tubingen, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany
关键词
in-line and off-line measurements; confocal Raman spectroscopy; procaine-HCl penetration; PEG-23 lauryl ether; penetration enhancement; skin;
D O I
10.3390/pharmaceutics13010067
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Ex-vivo and in-vivo skin analysis has been extensively evaluated by confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS). The off-line measurement with a CRS-suited skin-mounted device after Franz-cell incubations is the most popular choice. However, real-time monitoring of in-line measurement has clear advantages for obtaining dynamic and more timely results. In our study, a custom-built setup suitable for in-line measurements was implemented, which ensures constant skin incubation and in-situ skin detections. We aim to compare the differences between using in-line and off-line devices for monitoring skin drug penetrations. A well-assessed formulation gel with procaine-HCl as the active ingredient was used as reference. The PEG-23 lauryl ether was added to the formulation as a penetration enhancer to evaluate the enhancement effects of procaine on skin. After incubation times of 14, 20, and 24 h, skin penetration profiles were assessed. Comparable results between off-line and in-line measurements were obtained. Remarkable improvements in penetrated procaine amount and depth were observed. Based on the significant differences of their enhanced penetration amounts, fairly similar estimations were achieved from both methods. A slight difference of 14 h incubation between these two setups can still be found, which may be due to the different detection conditions and affected skin properties. Overall, in-line measurements could provide a more time- and labor-saving alternative for off-line measurements in ex-vivo study.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 13
页数:13
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