Magnetic (poly) ionic liquids: A promising platform for green chemistry

Ionic liquids are considered as potent tools for designing efficient and environmentally benign synthetic protocols. In fact, ionic liquids can be utilized both as catalysts and green solvents. To facilitate the recovery and recycling of ionic liquid-based catalysts, they can be immobilized on potential supports. As one of the most promising supporting materials, magnetic particles can be used. Ionic liquids can be priory synthesized and then immobilized on a magnetic support or the synthesis of the ionic liquid can be initiated from the support. Alternatively, magnetic ionic liquids can be designed through incorporation of magnetic moieties in the structure of ionic liquids. Magnetic ionic liquids take advantage of catalytic activity of ionic liquids. Moreover, due to their magnetic features, they can be recovered easily from the reaction media by using an external magnet. Using similar approaches, magnetic poly ionic liquids can also be coined. In this review article the recent advances in the field of magnetic (poly) ionic liquid catalysis (since 2015 up to now) are reviewed. The classification of this article is based on the chemical transformations catalyzed by magnetic ionic liquids and it has been tried to discuss the design and synthetic procedures of magnetic ionic liquid catalysts. Furthermore, the performances of these catalysts for various reactions are discussed. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.