Self-Esteem and Identities

While most research examines self-esteem in terms of self-worth, we suggest three dimensions of self-esteem: worth-based, efficacy-based, and authenticity-based esteem. Each of these dimensions is linked to one of the three motives of the self, and each of them primarily emerges through verification of social/group, role, and person identities, respectively. Data are examined to study these three self-esteem dimensions, including measuring the esteem dimensions and assessing their psychometric properties, investigating the effects of identity verification on the different esteem dimensions, and analyzing the causal relationship among the esteem dimensions. Overall, the results support the measurement and validity of these three dimensions as well as the role of identity verification in producing these self-esteem outcomes.