Relation between the southern atmospheric circulation and space weather

Global temperature anomalies of the southern atmospheric circulation (both positive anomalies responsible for the El Nino warm oceanic current and negative anomalies that cause the La Nina cold current) are strongly controlled by solar activity. The monthly indices of the southern atmospheric circulation (SOI) from 1956 to 1997 and the corresponding Forbush decreases (FDs) in CRs and Wolf numbers (M for the same period have been considered. It has been indicated that a decrease in SOI (less than -15) follows a minimum of GCR FD (less than 5.5%) during southern polar winter and spring (June-November). During warm years of the southern atmospheric circulation (El Nino), the correlation between the SOI indices and the GCR level is significant, and its coefficient (r) is equal to 0.6-0.9. In the warm intervals within the period from 1960 to 1997, the temperature in Antarctica becomes 0.5degrees lower than the average annual temperature during the same period, and the average annual SOI decreases from +2 to -8. This corresponds to the concept that the cosmic factors affect the Antarctic temperature and wind. A hypothesis that anomalous winds from the Antarctic continent force out warm air toward the equator in the years with El Nino has also been corroborated.