Developing Tailored Messages to Improve Mental Health and Adjustment of Asian International Students

The purpose of the study was to develop tailored messages for improving mental health and adjustment of Asian international students (AISs) in the United States. The PEN-3 cultural model was used to contextualize the role of culture in mental health needs of AISs. Applying a mixed method approach, the study developed messages through a multistep participatory process consisting of three focus groups (n = 15 participants), 13 individual interviews, one expert consultation, and an online survey (n = 85 responses). Data analysis led to the development of seven broad themes with seven tailored messages under each theme, including increasing the awareness of mental health and reducing stigma; motivational quotes; available and accessible resources for AISs to improve mental health; seeking help from social network and developing interpersonal skills; adjusting to American culture and college life; coping strategies to reduce stress and improve mental health and adjustment; and safety issues. The implications for culturally responsive programs are discussed.