A Cross-sectional Study of Emergency Department Boarding Practices in the United States

被引:37
|
作者
Pitts, Stephen R. [1 ]
Vaughns, Frances L. [2 ]
Gautreau, Marc A. [3 ]
Cogdell, Matthew W. [2 ]
Meisel, Zachary
机构
[1] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
[2] Emergency Care Coordinat Ctr, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC USA
[3] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02125 USA
关键词
PERFORMANCE-MEASURES; TIME; CARE; ASSOCIATION;
D O I
10.1111/acem.12375
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
ObjectivesThe median emergency department (ED) boarding time for admitted patients has been a nationally reportable core measure that now also affects ED accreditation and reimbursement. However, no direct national probability samples of ED boarding data have been available to guide this policy until now. The authors studied new National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) survey items to establish baseline values, to generate hypotheses for future research, and to help improve survey quality in the future. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, multistage, stratified annual analysis of EDs and ED visits from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey public use files from 2007 to 2010, a total of 139,502 visit records. These data represent the only national measure of ED boarding. The main outcome of interest was boarding duration for individual patient visits. Data analyses accounted for complex sampling design. ResultsThe national median boarding time was 79 minutes, with an interquartile range of 36 to 145 minutes. The prevalence of boarding for more than 2 hours among admitted patients was 32% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 30% to 35%). Average ED volume, occupancy, acuity, and hospital admission rates increased abruptly from the second to the third quartile of median boarding duration. The half of hospitals with the longest median boarding times accounted for 73% of ED visits and 79% of ED hospitalizations nationally. Thirty-nine percent of EDs (95% CI = 32% to 46%) reported never holding patients for more than 2 hours, but visit-level analysis at these EDs found that 21% of admissions did in fact stay in the ED over 2 hours. Only 19% of EDs (95% CI = 16% to 22%) used a strategy of moving admitted patients to alternative sites in the hospital during crowded times. ConclusionsIn this national survey, ED boarding of admitted patients disproportionately affects hospitals with higher ED volumes, which also see sicker patients who wait longer to be seen, but not hospitals with higher proportions of Medicaid or uninsured visits. This finding implies that, unlike other quality measures, there is a negative volume-outcome relationship for timely hospitalization from the ED. Resumen ObjetivosLa mediana de tiempo en espera de cama en el SU para los pacientes ingresados ha sido una medida central comunicada a nivel nacional que ahora tambien afecta a la acreditacion y el reembolso de los SU. Sin embargo, no se ha dispuesto hasta la fecha de muestras probabilisticas nacionales sobre datos de la espera de cama en el SU para guiar esta politica. Los autores estudiaron los nuevos elementos de la National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) con el fin de establecer los valores de referencia, generar hipotesis para la futura investigacion y ayudar a mejorar la calidad de la encuesta en el futuro. MetodologiaAnalisis transversal, anual estratificado y por etapas de los SU y de las visitas al SU provenientes del archivo publico de la NHAMCS entre 2007 y 2010. Se obtuvo un total de 139,502 registros de visitas. Estos datos representan la unica medida nacional de la espera de cama en el SU. El resultado principal de interes fue la duracion de la espera de cama para las visitas de cada paciente individual. El analisis de los datos se realizo con un plan de muestreo complejo. ResultadosLa mediana nacional de tiempo de espera de cama fue de 79 minutos, con un rango intercuartilico de 36 a 145 minutos. La prevalencia de espera de cama durante mas de 2 horas en los pacientes ingresados fue de un 32% (IC 95% = 30% a 35%). El volumen promedio del SU, la ocupacion, la gravedad y los porcentajes de ingreso hospitalario incrementaron notablemente del segundo al tercer cuartil la mediana de duracion de la espera de cama. La mitad de los hospitales con las mayores medianas de tiempo de espera de cama explicaron un 73% de las visitas al SU y un 79% de las hospitalizaciones del SU a nivel nacional. Un 39% de los SU (IC 95% = 32% a 46%) documentaron no retener nunca mas de 2 horas a los pacientes, pero un analisis por visita a estos SU encontro que un 21% de los ingresos permanecio de hecho en el SU durante mas de 2 horas. Solo un 19% de los SU (IC 95% = 16% a 22%) utilizo una estrategia de desplazar a los pacientes ingresados a otras areas alternativas en el hospital durante los periodos de saturacion. ConclusionesEn esta encuesta nacional, la espera de cama en el SU para pacientes ingresados afecta de manera desproporcionada a los hospitales con mayores volumenes en el SU, que tambien atienden a pacientes mas enfermos que esperan mas tiempo para visitados, pero no a los hospitales con una mayor proporcion de visitas de pacientes no asegurados o con Medicaid. Este hallazgo implica que, a diferencia de otras medidas de calidad, existe una relacion negativa volumen-resultado para la hospitalizacion en tiempo del SU.
引用
收藏
页码:497 / 503
页数:7
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