The Role of Religion for Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Implications for Dissemination and Implementation

Mindfulness-based interventions are increasingly recognized for their efficacy in clinical settings. Because of the historical and social associations of mindfulness-based interventions with spirituality and religion, individual differences in religiosity are likely to play a role in how people perceive these interventions and may ultimately impact the acceptability and implementation of mindfulness-based techniques. Mindfulness-based interventions' religious associations are often left unspecified, but when they are stated, they are typically represented as either (1) secular and neutral to religious concerns or as (2) religiously influenced. Dichotomously presenting MBIs as either religious or secular can undermine the delivery of these interventions, as can failing to address religion or spirituality altogether. We present theory and research that explicates the likely ways in which religion influences the acceptability of mindfulness-based interventions and provide recommendations for researchers and interventionists that enable them to respond to religious concerns about mindfulness-based interventions.