Graphene-based dynamically tunable attenuator on a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide

We demonstrate that a graphene-based attenuator on a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) can achieve dynamically tunable attenuation. This attenuator is produced by depositing a graphene sandwich structure (GSS) on the substrate of a HMSIW. By applying a bias voltage on the GSS, the surface impedance of graphene and the attenuation of the attenuator can be tuned. A prototype was fabricated and measured to verify the analysis. The measurement results manifest that as the bias voltage increases from 0 V to 4 V, the attenuation can be increased from 3 dB to 14 dB at the frequency from 7.7 GHz to 19 GHz, while vertical bar S-11 vertical bar of the attenuator can always remain at a low level smaller than -20 dB. Published by AIP Publishing.