The social network around influenza vaccination in health care workers: a cross-sectional study

Background: Influenza vaccination coverage remains low among health care workers (HCWs) in many health facilities. This study describes the social network defined by HCWs' conversations around an influenza vaccination campaign in order to describe the role played by vaccination behavior and other HCW characteristics in the configuration of the links among subjects. Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from 235 HCWs interviewed after the 2010/ 2011 influenza vaccination campaign at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (HCB), Spain. The study asked: " Who did you talk to or share some activity with respect to the seasonal vaccination campaign?" Variables studied included sociodemographic characteristics and reported conversations among HCWs during the influenza campaign. Exponential random graph models (ERGM) were used to assess the role of shared characteristics (homophily) and individual characteristics in the social network around the influenza vaccination campaign. Results: Links were more likely between HCWs who shared the same professional category (OR 3.13, 95% CI = 2.61-3.75), sex (OR 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09-1.62), age (OR 0.7, 95% CI = 0.63-0.78 per decade of difference), and department (OR 11.35, 95% CI = 8.17-15.64), but not between HCWs who shared the same vaccination behavior (OR 1.02, 95% CI = 0.86-1.22). Older (OR 1.26, 95% CI = 1.14-1.39 per extra decade of HCW) and vaccinated (OR 1.32, 95% CI = 1.09-1.62) HCWs were more likely to be named. Conclusions: This study finds that there is no homophily by vaccination status in whom HCWs speak to or interact with about a workplace vaccination promotion campaign. This result highlights the relevance of social network analysis in the planning of health promotion interventions.