Direct Effects of Cattle on Grassland Birds in Canada

被引:30
|
作者
Bleho, Barbara I. [1 ]
Koper, Nicola [2 ]
Machtans, Craig S. [3 ]
机构
[1] Golder Associates, Calgary, AB T2A 7W5, Canada
[2] Univ Manitoba, Nat Resources Inst, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
[3] Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 5X7, Canada
关键词
grazing; nest destruction; nest survival; trampling; destruccion de nidos; pastoreo; pisoteo; supervivencia de nidos; SIMULATED GROUND NESTS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; FARMLAND BIRDS; GREAT-PLAINS; LAND-USE; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; PREDATION; LIVESTOCK; HABITAT;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.12259
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Effects of grazing on grassland birds are generally thought to be indirect, through alteration of vegetation structure; however, livestock can also affect nest survival directly through trampling and other disturbances (e.g., livestock-induced abandonment). We extracted data on nest fates from 18 grazing studies conducted in Canada. We used these data to assess rates of nest destruction by cattle among 9 ecoregions and between seasonal and rotational grazing systems. Overall, few nests were destroyed by cattle (average 1.5% of 9132 nests). Nest destruction was positively correlated with grazing pressure (i.e., stocking rate or grazing intensity), but nest survival was higher in more heavily grazed areas for some species. Because rates of destruction of grassland bird nests by cattle are low in Canada, management efforts to reduce such destruction may not be of ecological or economic value in Canada. Efectos Directos del Ganado sobre las Aves de Pastizales en Canada Resumen Generalmente se cree que los efectos del pastoreo sobre las aves de pastizales son indirectos por la alteracion de la estructura vegetal; sin embargo, el ganado tambien puede afectar directamente a la supervivencia de nidos por medio del pisoteo y otras disrupciones (p. ej.: el abandono inducido por el ganado). Extrajimos datos de 18 estudios de pastoreo realizados en Canada sobre el destino de los nidos. Usamos estos datos para estudiar las tasas de destruccion de nidos por ganado en 9 eco-regiones y entre sistemas de pastoreo estacional y rotacional. En general, pocos nidos fueron destruidos por ganado (en promedio 1.5% de 9132 nidos). La destruccion de nidos estuvo correlacionada positivamente con la presion del pastoreo (p. ej.: intensidad de pastoreo y tasas promedio de inventario), pero la supervivencia de nidos fue mas alta para algunas especies en areas con mayor pastoreo. Como las tasas de destruccion por ganado de los nidos de aves de pastizal son bajas en Canada, los esfuerzos de manejo para reducir tal destruccion pueden no ser de valor ecologico o economico en Canada.
引用
收藏
页码:724 / 734
页数:11
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