Genetic Alterations Detected by Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Their Clinical Implications in Neuroblastoma

Background/Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical usefulness of panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) and to investigate the spectrum of genetic alterations and their clinical implications in neuroblastoma. Patients and Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival samples from 41 cases of neuroblastoma were used for targeted sequencing. Results: A total of 145 somatic mutations were identified, including 51 synonymous, 86 missense, 3 nonsense, 2 frameshift deletion, 2 splice-site, and 1 in-frame deletion mutations. The most frequently mutated gene was ALK (9 missense mutations). The common copy number variations (CNVs) were amplification at 2p24.2 and deletion at 11q22.3 and 1p36.21. ALK mutations were more frequent in patients with stage 4 or 4S (0% vs. 33.3%, p=0.017). Among 27 patients with high-risk disease, the 5-year overall survival was inferior in patients with ALK mutations to those without (25.0% vs. 67.0%, p=0.009). Conclusion: Genetic analysis using targeted NGS was feasible and helpful in detecting point mutations and CNVs in neuroblastoma. Targeted NGS could predict prognosis and be used to find molecular target-based therapies for neuroblastoma.