Ant Colony Optimization Techniques - An Enhancement to Energy Efficiency in WSNs

Wireless sensor networks are resource constraint and set stringent requirements like highly dynamic nature, application specific behavior, limited network lifetime and processing capabilities. Limited network lifetime is one of the major resource constraints which requires energy efficient operation to be performed. Due to inherently adaptive behavior of wireless sensor networks, it is highly challenging task to find energy efficient route. It is seen that ant colony optimization (ACO) based routing protocols are proved as best to find adaptive and energy efficient routing for the dynamically changing behavior of wireless sensor networks. This paper proves that ACO based routing protocols consume less energy and exhibit energy efficient operation.