Functional materials and chemicals in electromembrane extraction

Functional materials and chemicals have been investigated extensively in electromembrane extraction (EME) to tune EME performance, which might promote the routine application of EME in analytical laboratories. As such, how to design an efficient EME system on the basis of different materials and chemicals becomes a timely research topic. Therefore, in this review we summarize the application of functional materials and chemicals in EME, with emphasis on their advantages in enhancing the EME performance. The roles of the functional materials and chemicals used in supported liquid membrane (SLM) solvent are comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, recent developments in new membrane supports are reviewed. Subsequently, the impact of chemical-additives in donor/acceptor phase is discussed. In addition, the strategies to enhance the EME efficiency by modifying the electrodes are overviewed. Finally, the limitations and challenges in functional materials and chemicals assisted EME are also raised. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.