Numerical modelling of fluid dynamic interaction problems between mantle and crust of the Earth

We use the finite element method to solve fluid dynamic interaction problems between the mantle and crust of the Earth. In particular, we consider the mixing of the mantle fluids and the crustal fluids. The related numerical results from an example problem have demonstrated that the mantle fluids can flow into the crust and mix with the crustal fluids. Likewise, the crustal fluids can also flow into the upper mantle and mix with the mantle fluids. This kind of fluids mixing and exchange is very important to the better understanding of the governing processes controlling the ore body formation and mineralization in the upper crust of the Earth.