Cyber-Physical Energy Systems Approach for Engineering Power System State Estimation in Smart Grids

This investigation proposes a CPES architecture and model for engineering energy management application for smart grids. In particular, the investigation considers the implementation of the power systems state estimator (PSSE). The CPES architecture has three layers: physical, monitoring and applications. The physical layer consists of the grid and the various components. Since, the grid is usually engineered with various devices from multiple vendors that have different protocols and standards; data aggregation becomes a problem. The second layer of the CPES architecture overcomes this problem by proposing a middleware that aggregates data from the physical layer. The topmost layer is the applications layer, where the energy management system applications are implemented. These applications require the model, topology and information from the grid. This requires combining the physical aspects of the grid with the cyber ones. This investigation uses the common information model to model the grid and information exchanges. Then the model is combined with measurement and optimization models of the application to realize the PSSE. The proposed approach is illustrated on a Norwegian distribution grid in Steinkjer. Our results show that the CPES approach provides an easier way to engineer future smart grid applications.