Recent Advances in Stability of Carbon-Based Anodes for Potassium-Ion Batteries

The commercialization of potassium-ion batteries requires promising anodes with excellent reversible capacity and cycle stability. Graphite anodes have attracted extensive research owing to the formation of stable intercalation compounds, which also helps to focus attention on low-cost carbon-based anodes. However, the slow diffusion of potassium ion (K+) and structural damage of graphite caused by large size may lead to capacity decay. Herein, the modification strategies have been summarized, including microstructure regulation, heteroatom doping and building stable solid electrolyte interphase. And the opportunities and challenges faced by these improvement methods are proposed. Meanwhile, carbon-based materials used as hosts or conductive carriers to improve the performance of other anodes are also summarized.