The Zn-rich corner of the 450 °C isothermal section of the Zn-Bi-Fe-Ni quaternary system

Following up on recent studies of the isothermal section of the Zn-Fe-Ni, Zn-Fe-Bi and Zn-Bi-Ni ternary systems at 450 degrees C, the Zn-rich corner of the 450 degrees C isothermal section of the Zn-Bi-Fe-Ni quaternary system with the Zn being fixed at 93 at.% was determined experimentally using the equilibrated alloys approach. The specimens were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found there exist 4 two-phase regions, 5 three-phase regions and 2 four-phase regions. Two liquid L (Zn) and L (Bi) can coexist with T, zeta and delta-Ni in this isothermal section, no new phase was found in this study. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.