EMP1, a member of a new family of antiproliferative genes in breast carcinoma

This study aimed to analyze the expression, clinical significance of epithelial membrane protein 1 (EMP1) in breast carcinoma and the biological effect in its cell line by EMP1 overexpression. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to analyze EMP1 protein expression in 67 cases of breast cancer and 35 cases of normal tissues to study the relationship between EMP1 expression and clinical factors. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA level and protein of EMP1. MTT assay, migration and invasion assays were also conducted as to the influence of the upregulated expression of EMP1 that might be found on MCF-7 cell biological effect. The relative amount of EMP1 protein in breast cancer tissue was found to be significantly lower than in normal tissues (P < 0.05). The level of EMP1 protein expression was correlated with T stages, lymph node metastasis, clinic stage, and histological grade (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, loss of EMP1 expression correlated significantly with poor overall survival time by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P < 0.05). The result shown that MCF-7 cell transfected EMP1 had a lower survival fraction, higher cell apoptosis, significant decrease in migration and invasion, higher caspase-9, and lower VEGFC protein expression compared with MCF-7 cell untransfected EMP1 (P < 0.05). EMP1 expression decreased in breast cancer and correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis, clinic stage, histological grade, and poor overall survival, T stages, suggesting that EMP1 may play important roles as a negative regulator to breast cancer MCF-7 cell by regulating the expression of caspase 9 and VEGFC protein.