Does Fear of Crime Discourage Walkers? A Social-Ecological Exploration of Fear As a Deterrent to Walking

被引:79
|
作者
Foster, Sarah [1 ]
Giles-Corti, Billie [3 ]
Knuiman, Matthew [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Western Australia, Sch Populat Hlth, Ctr Built Environm & Hlth, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
[2] Univ Western Australia, Sch Populat Hlth, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
[3] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
safety; crime; fear; walking; neighborhood; OBJECTIVELY MEASURED CRIME; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; PERCEIVED ENVIRONMENT; HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS; COLLECTIVE EFFICACY; AUSTRALIAN ADULTS; OLDER-ADULTS; OPEN SPACE;
D O I
10.1177/0013916512465176
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Few studies have specifically investigated fear of crime as a deterrent to walking. This study tested the hypothesis that fear would inhibit residents from walking in their local neighborhoods. Homeowners (n = 1,044) in Perth, Western Australia, reported their fear of crime, neighborhood problems and walking, and objective environmental measures were generated for each participant's neighborhood. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the association between fear and walking, with progressive adjustment for other correlates. Fear was associated with lower odds of transport walking (OR = 0.79, p = .034); however, car access was ubiquitous so fearful participants could avoid walking. A similar association between fear and recreational walking attenuated after controlling for other neighborhood factors. Findings suggest that the capacity for fear to deter recreational walkers is not fixed, and that a supportive environment can lessen its impact. Community initiatives that encourage social interaction between residents and improve neighborhood aesthetics may increase levels of recreational walking.
引用
收藏
页码:698 / 717
页数:20
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