An improved microstrip Sierpinski carpet antenna

Boundary integral method coupled with segmentation method have been used for the first time to analyzed Sierpinski carpet antennas of different order. The close agreement between calculated and measured results for resonant frequency and input return loss indicates that this technique can predict impedance characteristic accurately. A novel double layered stacked microstrip Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna using the photonic bandgap structure is also presented. This proposed antenna has improved the impedance bandwidth five folds compared to an ordinary microstrip fractal antenna and its radiation patterns are improved due to the removal of unwanted radiation caused by the surface wave.