INFLUENCE OF THE SEASON AND GENOTYPE OF GOATS ON THE QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF THEIR MILK

To study the effect of seasonality and genotype on the productivity of goats and the quality of their milk, 30 goats of three different breeds were taken: 10 Saanen goats, 10 Russian white goats and 10 local Ukrainian goats. The milk yield of the experimental goats was evaluated during the year for the volume, protein content, fat content, lactose content, acidity and density. The effect of both genotype and season on protein content, and the effect of only season on fat content and lactose content were determined. The most dependent on seasonal factors (change of season, temperature fluctuations, amount of precipitation) were goats of Saanen and Russian white breed, the least dependent were goats of local Ukrainian selection. Acidity and density of milk did not change during the entire experiment. The highest protein content (3.32%) and fat content (3.37%) were found in Saanen goats. The highest lactose content (4.53%) was found in goats of local Ukrainian breeding. During the spring and summer months, goats of local Ukrainian selection and Russian white showed the best productivity.Goats of the Saanen breed had the best productivity during the autumn and winter months.